Task 1
Paragraph writing
A. Write a paragraph elaborating the idea of 3Rs (reduce, reuse and recycle) in garbage management.
The 3 Rs. (reduce, reuse and recycle) all help to out down the amount of waste we throw away. They conserve natural resources, landfill space, and energy plus, the 3 Rs save land and money. The community must dispose of wastes in landfills. Setting a new landfill site has become difficult and expensive due to environmental regulation and public protests. Waste prevention reduces the generation of waste in the first place. So it is the most preferred method of waste management and goes a long way toward protecting the environment. We can reduce waste by purchasing durable long-lasting goods, and seeking products and packaging that are as toxic-free. Redesigning production has a longer life to be used again after its original use. We can reuse durable coffee mugs, refill bottles, and boxes, we have to purchase refillable pens and pencils. Use cloth napkins or towels. We can donate old magazines or surplus equipment and turn empty jars into containers for leftover food. Recycling prevents the emission of many greenhouse gases and water pollutants and saves energy. Using recovered material generates less solid waste. Recycling helps to reduce the pollution caused by the extraction and processing of virgin material. Also when products are made using recovered rather than virgin materials less energy is used during manufacturing and fewer pollutants are emitted. Reduce, reuse and recycle all help to cut down on the amount of waste we throw away. They conserve natural resources, landfill space, and energy. Plus, the 3Rs save land and money that communities must use to dispose of wastes in landfills.
B. Meet Singh says Jugga a badmash. There can be such people in your locality, too. Write a paragraph describing him/her.
There are many badmashes in our society. Some people have consisted of criminal mind, heart and attitude. Such a person creates social problems.
Once there lived a Riter man people used to called him Riter. He was evil minded. He looks tall and lanky, always worn black coat and pants. He had been wearing black goggles. He used to untie the cattle in the shade and steal something from the house. He had passion of woman. When he newly married couple wither he stole jeweler or give trouble by bullying her. He had married three women. The villagers reported him to the police. More than ten times he was in custody. But never reformed. He had habit of peeping through the window. People locked their door, but no any lock could control him. He enter used to into the house by broken window or door and take away the jewelry or expensive things. Women and girls had been scared with him. But some girls who only loved luxuries easily followed her. Some women were seized by their parents. He never worked at home. He felt pleasure in looking at the scattered mound of sow in the field. Everyone gave him food and clothes because they were scared of him.
One day he had planned something new. He called all the village boys and informed them that today onwards I wouldn't be here in this village and never returned. All the boys were stunned like a sunny blaze. That night, he broke the Kalika temple and stole an old Kalika statue. Which was made of soft emerald. Villagers mightn't have any knowledge about it. He had been to Kathmandu. After three days, he wanted to sell the statue. And went to the old carving house to request to buy his idol. The craving house owner looked and smoothed the statue. It was like soft clay. It has always remained the same. He hadn't bought it that day. Next day he called the police secretly and the Route. That day Route was arrested with a statue. We have heard, He was spending cold nights in central jail. But we didn't know about the statue in our local temple. That soft precious metal orbits composition might have great value or where is it ? We haven't known. Thus some people behave wickedly in the society that leads them to commit serious crime and spoil their life.
Summary writing
Study the following text and its summary.
Nepal's migration situation is dominated by migration of Nepalis for foreign employment. The 2011 census on population and housing showed that almost 50 had returned. While this labour migration has a significant positive effect on Nepal's economy, it also has a series of socioeconomic impacts on the welfare of Nepali nationals and their communities. Exploitation of migrant workers is rife and aspiring labour migrants may find themselves in a situation of irregular migration or trafficking. Nepal's environmental vulnerability also has an impact on the scale of internal and international migration. Climate change, environmental degradation, natural and man-made disasters cause displacement and dislocation from the land, meaning that many Nepalis migrate to ensure a sustainable livelihood. Nepal's open border with its close neighbor India is another defining and unique characteristic in Nepal's migration context. Although the lack of data on this issue is of concern, it is recognized that there are frequent and extensive cross-border movements, which have significant impacts for Nepal, both positive and potentially negative. The 2011 census data shows that nearly two-fifths (37.2%) of the Nepali absentees are in India, however, such data has its limitations in the case of an open border where crossing can be short-term or seasonable and will be undocumented. There are also no records kept on how many Nepalis work in India or where they are.
Traditionally, Nepali migrant workers sought employment mainly in India, however from the mid-1980s, Nepalis started also to migrate to the Gulf States and Malaysia for work which resulted in an increase in migrant workers as well as in a proliferation of labour recruitment agencies and brokers. The decentralization of passport issuance in Nepal also facilitated the migration of many unskilled and semi-skilled Nepalis.
During the past two decades, Nepal has also witnessed an increase in the number of Nepali women who are seeking work abroad and being gradually recognized as important economic actors. The risk of exploitation and abuse of women migrant workers is high, particularly in largely unregulated sectors such as domestic work and the Government has put in place a series of measures seeking to protect women migrants. To date, these measures have met with limited success and there is still evidence that many women migrants are in situations of risk.
Summary
Nepal's migration situation is heavily dominated by people migrating to foreign countries for employment. According to census report of 2011, 50 percent of Nepali households had a member who had migrated to foreign countries. Many Nepalis migrate to foreign countries to ensure a sustainable livelihood. Nepal's open border is another cause of migration. Data shows that about 37.2% of Nepali migrants are in India. Traditionally India is the main destination of Nepali migrants. However, people have started to migrate to Golf countries and Malaysia from mid-1980s. There is also an increase in number of Nepali women migrating to foreign countries for job. This has increased the risk of exploitation and abuse of them.
Interpreting graphic text
A. Interpret data in the following charts and graphs using appropriate words and phrases. Make comparisons when required.
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Write a review of a book that you have read recently.
'Summer Love' by Subin Bhattarai is a famous novel among youth people. It is the most loved novel by teenagers. It is popular because of the interesting and curious story of love. Moreover, it carries the message of the youngster by presenting different parts of a love life.
The story is told by the major character Atit. He starts to explain his student's lift at Tribhuvan University. He starts to like a girl in that college and soon they fall in love. The twists come after they became lovers. The plot developed a reality that happens to every teenager and the happines and consequences that make an extraordinary story.
True love between Atit and Saya but the story ends with the tragic ending. This sotry leaves many questions in our mind. Such as why did the girl left him ? Why this sadness enters his story? The words are really touchy and emotional. But, it solves a lot of mystery about love. Summer love is the story engraved in the heart of each and every collegiate story many think of jotting down, but only Bhattarai manages to write.
Though they share each and everything in the story with their feelings each and every detail is exposed to each other but why did Saya leave him ? This is one of the mysterious question. If true love is never detached, why it would happen with them?
The story shows the level of attachment, commitment, and seriousness toward the love of young people from different backgrounds.
Flim review
Title of the movie - Jhola
Director - Yadav Kumar Bhattarai
Producers - Raj Timalsina, Ram Gopal Thapa, and sushil shah
Starring - Garima Panta, Desh Bhakta Khanal, Sujal Nepal, Laxrni Gin and Deepak Chhetri.
Genre - Social
Duration - 90 minutes
Language - Nepali
Release Date - 7 December 2013
Jhola
Jhola is a Nepali flim based on Krishna Dharawasi's short story "Jhola". It has depicted Nepali Society about the Sati tradition that was prevalent until the 1920s. The flim has a beautiful presented the issues of violence against women. "Has Nepalese society really passed through such in human tradition?" is the question every youngster wonders about.
The plot develops with the death of Garima's husband in which she has to immolate herself upon her husband's death, typically on his funeral pyre. She is supposed to be burnt alive with the death body of her husband according to the tradition. However, She escapes the fire and hides in a cave. The help of her son fascinates the audience.
Almost all the scenes seem realistic and historical. Traditional tools like dhiki, janto, madaani, etc. give traditional look in the flim. Similarly traditional lights like ranks, diyalo and fire place represent ancient environment to the spectators. In addition to Sati tradition, the movie also touch Kamara Kamari ( a kind of slavery) tradition. What a beautiful Cinematography it is! I think costumes of the artists and the leaf music in traditional tunes touch the heart of every one present in the cinema hall. Garima's natural appearance, her role and her acting are spellbinding and add to the beauty of the movie.
This is a must watch movie. Don't miss it.
Biography
Who is your favorite Nepali musician? Write his/her biography in about 300 words.
Ans. Biography of Narayan Gopal Guruvacharya
Diary Entry
29 May 2022
Sunday
9:30 pm
Dear Diary,
Like always, today I am again sharing my whole day experience with you. I am so happy today. It was a day of achievements and success. Our schooll hosted the online Essay writing competition. I was initially hesitant to participate in this competition. But my parents encouraged and motivted me. They told me that i have the ability to write well and to convince others. I am glad that i obeyed them. I won the first price in the essay writing competition. There were 50 participants and I was able to bag the prize. I am thankful to God for all his blessings in my life.
Good night diary!
Pratik
Communique/Press Release
Suppose you are the General Manager of Nepal Airlines. Issue a press release on behalf of the airlines about the cancellation of flights to the mountain regions due to the poor weather condition.
Press Release
RE - Irregular flight on November to December to the mountain regions due to the poor weather condition
Issued: Monday, October 30th, 2020
Nepal Airlines wishes to advise the traveling public that our regular schedule was negatively impacted by the weather-related closures in mountain regions.
Unfortunately, our airports will be closed for several hours due to the poor visibility of fog and frost in the mountain range. Most of the schedules may be delayed or canceled. We regret that our passengers will be faced inconveniences but we will try our best for the comfort of the passenger. The schedules will be instabled till the weather remains the same.
With the passenger, of this system, it is expected that all flights during winter should proceed as scheduled with minimal disruption.
We wish to thank the traveling public for their continued patience as the delays or canceled were unavoidable during winter in mountain regions.
Bhoj Raj Kattel
(Pratik Kattel)
General manager
Nepal Airlines
